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The LASH system was developed as an alternative and supplement to the developing container system. The lighters, which may be characterized as floating cargo containers, served dual purposes: transportation over water, and the establishment of a modular, standardized shape for loading and unloading cargo. The lighters, also known as ''swimming normed cargo containers'', are loaded onto a LASH carrier at the port of embarkation and unloaded from the ship at the port of destination.
The system was developed by the American shipbuilding engineer Jerome Goldman during the 1960s. The ''Acadia Forest'', commissioned in September 1969, was the first LASH carrier. The ship could take up 75 standardized lighters, with about 376 metric tons of total loading capacity. At the time, it was a novel kind of ship, the first vessel designed primarily to transport other, smaller ships.
An important technical problem raised by the invention of the new transport system was the shape of the lighters. Several other designs, differentiated mainly by the shape of the lighters and the loading mechanism, were proposed, but the LASH system found the largest range of applications. In this approach, the lighters were individually lifted onto the carrier ship by a large crane located at the stern of the ship. The crane could move the entire length of the ship and stack the lighters atop each other in the ship's body and on the deck. The cranes had a load-carrying capacity of more than 500 Mp. Loading or unloading a lighter took on average fifteen minutes. LASH ships were constructed in Europe, Japan and the USA with almost uniform parameters.
The host vessel is sometimes purpose-built or modified with a door at the waterline, to allow the payloads to be loaded and unloaded without special lifting equipment. An example would be the ''LASH Turkiye'', built at Avondale Shipyard for the american shipping line Prudential Grace, and later transferred to the Ready Reserve Fleet.
Category:Water transport Category:Ship types Category:merchant ships
de:Lighter Aboard Ship el:Φορτηγιδοφόρο lt:Lichtervežis nl:Lighter aboard ship ja:ラッシュ船 pl:Barkowiec ru:ЛихтеровозThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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